Events

• 1419 - Hundred Years' War: Rouen surrenders to Henry V of England completing his reconquest of Normandy.
• 1511 - Mirandola surrenders to the French.
• 1520 - Sten Sture the Younger, the Regent of Sweden, was mortally wounded at the Battle of Bogesund.
• 1764 - John Wilkes is expelled from the British House of Commons for seditious libel.
• 1788 - Second group of ships of the First Fleet arrives at Botany Bay.
• 1795 - Batavian Republic is proclaimed in the Netherlands. End of the Republic of the Seven United Netherlands.
• 1806 - The United Kingdom occupies the Cape of Good Hope.
• 1812 - Peninsular War: After a ten day siege Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington, ordered British soldiers of the Light and third divisions storm Ciudad Rodrigo.
• 1817 - An army of 5,423 soldiers, led by General José de San Martín, crossed the Andes from Argentina to liberate Chile and then Peru.
• 1829 - Johann Wolfgang von Goethe's Faust Part 1 premieres.
• 1839 - British East India Company captures Aden.
• 1840 - Captain Charles Wilkes circumnavigates Antarctica, claiming what became known as Wilkes Land for the United States.
• 1853 - Giuseppe Verdi's opera Il Trovatore premieres in Rome.
• 1862 - American Civil War: Battle of Mill Springs - The Confederate States of America suffers its first significant defeat in the conflict.
• 1871 - Franco-Prussian War: Battle of St. Quentin is fought, resulting in a decisive Prussian victory.
• 1883 - The first electric lighting system employing overhead wires, built by Thomas Edison, begins service at Roselle, New Jersey.
• 1893 - Henrik Ibsen's play The Master Builder premieres in Berlin.
• 1899 - Anglo-Egyptian Sudan is formed.
• 1915 - George Claude patents the neon discharge tube for use in advertising.
• 1915 - World War I: German zeppelins bomb the cities of Great Yarmouth and King's Lynn in the United Kingdom killing more than 20, in the first major aerial bombardment of a civilian target.
• 1917 - German Foreign Secretary Arthur Zimmermann sends the Zimmermann Telegram to Mexico, proposing a German-Mexican alliance against the United States.
• 1917 - Silvertown explosion: 73 are killed and 400 injured in an explosion in a munitions plant in London.
• 1918 - Finnish Civil War: The first serious battles between the Red Guards and the White Guard.
• 1920 - The United States Senate votes against joining the League of Nations.
• 1935 - Coopers Inc. sold the world's first briefs.
• 1937 - Howard Hughes sets a new air record by flying from Los Angeles to New York City in 7 hours, 28 minutes, 25 seconds.
• 1941 - World War II: British troops attack Italian-held Eritrea.
• 1942 - World War II: Japanese forces invade Burma.
• 1945 - World War II: Soviet forces liberate ghetto of Łódź. Out of 230,000 inhabitants in 1940, less than 900 had survived Nazi occupation.
• 1946 - General Douglas MacArthur establishes the International Military Tribunal for the Far East in Tokyo to try Japanese war criminals.
• 1949 - Cuba recognises Israel.
• 1953 - 68% of all United States television sets were tuned in to I Love Lucy to watch Lucy give birth.
• 1966 - Indira Gandhi is elected Prime Minister of India.
• 1969 - Student Jan Palach died after setting himself on fire 3 days earlier in Prague's Wenceslas Square to protest the invasion of Czechoslovakia by the Soviet Union in 1968. His funeral turned into another major protest.
• 1971 - Revival of No, No, Nanette premieres at 46th Street Theatre, New York City.
• 1974 - The UCLA men's basketball team sees its 88-game winning streak end at the hands of Notre Dame.
• 1975 - Triple J begins broadcasting in Sydney, Australia.
• 1977 - President Gerald Ford pardons Iva Toguri D'Aquino (a.k.a. "Tokyo Rose").
• 1977 - Snow falls in Miami, Florida. This is the only time in the history of the city that snowfall has occurred. It also fell in the Bahamas.
• 1978 - The last Volkswagen Beetle made in Germany leaves VW's plant in Emden. Beetle production in Latin America will continue until 2003.
• 1981 - Iran Hostage Crisis: United States and Iranian officials sign an agreement to release 52 American hostages after 14 months of captivity.
• 1983 - Klaus Barbie, Nazi war criminal, is arrested in Bolivia.
• 1983 - The Apple Lisa, the first commercial personal computer from Apple Computer, Inc. to have a graphical user interface and a computer mouse, is announced.
• 1991 - The Party of the Alliance of Youth, Workers and Farmers of Angola is founded in Luanda, Angola.
• 1992 - Decree time is restored in Russia after its previous abolition in March 1991.
• 1993 - IBM announces a $4.97 billion loss for 1992, the largest single-year corporate loss in United States history.
• 1997 - Yasser Arafat returns to Hebron after more than 30 years and joins celebrations over the handover of the last Israeli-controlled West Bank city.
• 2006 - A Slovak Air Force Antonov An-24 crashes‎ in Hungary.
• 2006 - The New Horizons probe was launched by NASA on the first mission to Pluto.
• 2006 - Jet Airways announces its purchase of Air Sahara, creating the largest domestic airline in India.

Births